"Two are better than one"

Two are better than one, because they have a good return for their labour: if either of them falls down, one can help the other up. But pity anyone who falls and has no one to help them up. Also, if two lie down together, they will keep warm. But how can one keep warm alone? Though one may be overpowered, two can defend themselves. A cord of three strands is not quickly broken.

Ecclesiastes 4:9-12

“It is not good for the man to be alone”.

So spoke God in Genesis 2:18. Up to that point everything God had done he declared to be “good” or “very good”. But suddenly now something is said to be “not good” - that Adam, in the garden, was alone among the animals; that he needed a “helper” or “companion”. And so Eve is brought into being.

A literal story? Or a beautiful legend? It doesn’t matter, only that it conveys a fundamental truth about what it means to be a man or a woman: the story of “humankind” gets under way, for both good and ill.

In Ecclesiastes 4:9-12 the Teacher is only referring very indirectly (or very likely not at all) to man and woman in marriage (not, of course, that that final sentence can’t be applied to marriage). His theme is the far wider one of companionship in general: human beings are designed by God to share one another’s company in a wide variety of ways. Indeed, they are designed to need one another’s company, and they are foolish if they neglect this aspect of what it means to be human.

The Teacher takes a number of possible examples.

First, two people sharing work “have a good return for their labour”, which, as long as they remain in harmony (sadly, not something to be taken for granted), can obviously only be good.

Second, “if either of them falls down, one can help the other up”. I can’t help smiling as I read this. One day last summer I set to work to paint the garden shed. The best way to finish off the last part near the ground was to sit comfortably on the grass and splosh away. It worked very well – until, having finished, I encountered a problem: I couldn’t get up, as there was nothing fixed and solid to hold on to. I ended up doing a rather undignified bum-shuffle to the kitchen door, hoping that none of the neighbours happened to be looking out of their upstairs windows, and was then able to grab hold of the handle and heft myself to my feet. (Oh, the joys of growing old!)

Of course, helping others up may not be a physical thing at all; it may also be what is sometimes known as “giving someone a leg up” emotionally or psychologically or financially or even, and not least, spiritually.

Third, two people can act as mutual body-warmers: “if two lie down together, they will keep warm…”. This isn’t as comical as it might sound, in days long before central heating or electric blankets or even the humble hot-water bottle, especially if you were travelling at night, when it could be bitterly cold. This application has, of course, nothing to do with sex, and I am sure we can all think of many ways in which we can warm the heart of another person: a simple smile of greeting might be enough to do it.

Fourth, two people can offer one another mutual protection: “Though one may be overpowered, two can defend themselves”. In ancient Israel the roads could be very dangerous, with brigands lurking behind every corner; and in such a situation “two is definitely better than one”.

However we may extend the applications of this little passage – and one could easily carry on indefinitely – the basic meaning is clear: we need other people, and they need us: I need you, and you (believe it or not) need me. You may be, like me, “a bit of a loner”, but it is utter folly for any of us to think that we can “go it alone”.

Some people are fairly content with their own company. That’s fair enough, and we should respect them. But let them not blind themselves to the realities, sometimes harsh, of this earthly life. Others virtually crave human contact and may even need to take themselves in hand and develop a little personal independence.

The balance between the two needs is nicely caught by Paul in Galatians 6. On the one hand, we are to “carry each other’s burdens” (verse 2), on the other hand to “carry our own load” (verse 5). Is Paul contradicting himself? No, just looking at the reality of human life, including Christian life.

I can only finish by encouraging us all to examine our own personalities and natures to see where we may be lacking; and to ask ourselves, in all seriousness, “What am I doing about it?” Is it time for a change in priorities?

And another question: Do I have an eye for the lonely people? The newcomer down the road? The widowed person? The sick or elderly person who has been a church member for decades but is now unable to get to church, and for whom no one seems to be responsible? There is nothing wrong, nothing inferior, with the single life, but what about the person who sorely misses the companionship of a husband or wife?

Our ultimate companion, of course, is Jesus himself. We can take comfort from his wonderful words, “surely I am with you always”. But until that day comes when we see him face to face, and every tear is wiped from our eyes, let’s not overlook the words of the wise Teacher in Ecclesiastes 4. As human beings, we need one another. As brothers and sisters in Christ, I need you and you need me! May God himself help us to get a firm hold of that truth!

Father, thank you that through Jesus you have brought me into a whole family of brothers and sisters. Please help me not to neglect them, either for how I can help them, or for how I need them. And, in this sad and troubled world, help me not to limit my  love and care only to those who are followers of Jesus. Amen.

Work: a blight or a blessing?

⁴ And I saw that all toil and all achievement spring from one person’s envy of another. This too is meaningless, a chasing after the wind.

⁵ Fools fold their hands
    and ruin themselves.
⁶ Better one handful with tranquillity
    than two handfuls with toil
    and chasing after the wind.

⁷ Again I saw something meaningless under the sun:

⁸ There was a man all alone;
    he had neither son nor brother.
There was no end to his toil,
    yet his eyes were not content with his wealth.
“For whom am I toiling,” he asked,
    “and why am I depriving myself of enjoyment?”
This too is meaningless—
    a miserable business! Ecclesiastes 4:4-8

If you follow my blog you may remember that I am presently soaking my mind in the Book of Ecclesiastes, especially chapter 4. This isn’t because I especially like Ecclesiastes, but because it takes such an honest look at what so often seems the sheer futility of human life: it somehow intrigues.

The writer, who calls himself “the Teacher” in the opening verse of the book, has a kind of recurring motto: “Meaningless! Meaningless… utterly meaningless. Everything is meaningless”. Taken alone, that of course flatly contradicts the good news of Jesus and the gospel; but haven’t we all sometimes felt that way? And isn’t it a fact that even the strongest Christians sometimes feel a sense even of despair? Didn’t Jesus himself feel like that when he cried out on the cross “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me” (Matthew 27:46)?

You may be feeling that way even as you read this - in which case please take comfort from the fact that you are in plentiful, and very special, company. You are not alone.

Chapter 4:1-3 was all about “the tears of the oppressed”, which have flowed abundantly throughout human history. But in verses 4-8 the Teacher turns his attention to the topic of work, which has blighted humankind since the curse uttered in Eden (Genesis 3:17). It’s a topic he re-visits several times in the book, but in these few verses he sums up most of what we need to know. I think it can be distilled under three headings.

First, the sinful stupidity of the rat-race: “I saw that all toil and all achievement spring from one person’s envy of another” (verse 4).

That’s an exaggeration, of course (many good people work hard and responsibly and often for little reward), but the Teacher obviously feels that exaggeration is justified when it is so obviously just that; he uses it to maximise the impact - and he’s not writing a scholarly discourse, after all. The fact is that many people ruin their lives by selling themselves to the great god work, determined to outdo both their rivals and everybody else, to “keep up with the Joneses” – and get to the end wondering what it was all for.

The Teacher gives a little pen-portrait of such people in verse 8: the kind of people who, lacking family or other personal ties (or perhaps neglectful of them?), seem to put all their time and energy into work, work, work; who even though they sometimes find themselves wondering what or who they’re doing it for, yet seem unable to climb off the treadmill. “This too is meaningless – a miserable business” indeed! It’s a “chasing after the wind” (can you picture somebody doing that, arms whirling and legs pumping, but achieving precisely nothing?).

That’s the Teacher’s own commentary on the folly of the “workaholic”. But better still is that of Jesus in his powerful parable of “the rich fool” (Luke 12:13-21). This is a passage worthy of regular re-reading, especially for those of us who live in materialistic, money-worshipping societies. (We must, of course, pass no judgment on the honest people who, through no fault of their own, are reduced to a life of pitiless toil.)

Are any of us sold out to the rat-race? Beware: lest we realise only when it’s too late to change that we’ve spent the bulk of our lives chasing after the wind.

Second, the sinful stupidity of idleness: “Fools fold their hands and ruin themselves” (verse 5). More literally, they fold their hands and “eat their own flesh”, a graphic way of describing a course of steady self-ruination. (I like the Message translation: “The fool sits back and takes it easy, his sloth is slow suicide”.)

The Teacher is referring to people we might dismiss just as lazy spongers, not those who are prevented from working by age or some physical or psychological difficulty. Again, the New Testament provides a good commentary on this, in 2 Thessalonians 3:10. This is Paul’s “rule” that “anyone who is unwilling to work should not eat” (note that: not anyone who is unable to work, a very different thing).

There’s quite a debate going on in Britain at the moment concerning people who raise suspicions about whether or not they are living unnecessarily off the welfare state, people who could work if they really put their minds to it, but choose not to. They are accused of self-diagnosing a mental health condition, and taking advantage of over-worked doctors who don’t have the time (or the confidence?) to make a proper assessment.

None of us looking on are entitled to pass judgment, but what we can -  and should - do is to pray for wisdom for our government to ensure proper provision and compassion where it is genuinely needed without in effect encouraging scrounging. (Oh Lord, give us wise and principled politicians!)

Third, the wisdom of the happy medium: “Better one handful with tranquillity than two handfuls with toil and chasing after the wind” (verse 6).

I don’t think there’s much that needs to be added to that. But again Paul puts a good gloss on it from his own personal experience: “… I have learned to be content whatever the circumstances. I know what it is to be in need, and I know what it is to have plenty. I have learned the secret of being content in any and every situation, whether well-fed or hungry, whether living in plenty or in want” (Philippians 4: 11-12). No-one could accuse Paul of idleness, could they? But let’s take care to notice that twice-repeated word “I have learned…” It obviously didn’t come easy to Paul.

And it may not to us…

Father, whatever my circumstances in life, please help me always to learn the grace of contentment, not wearing myself out with misdirected labour, nor wasting my life away through idleness. May everything I do - or not do - be for your glory. Amen.

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The tears of the oppressed (2)

Again I looked and saw all the oppression that was taking place under the sun: I saw the tears of the oppressed – and they have no comforter; power was on the side of their oppressors – and they have no comforter. And I declared that the dead, who had already died, are happier than the living, who are still alive. But better than both is the one who has never been born, who has not seen the evil that is done under the sun. Ecclesiastes 4:1-3

But a Samaritan, as he travelled, came where the man was; and when he saw him, he took pity on him… Luke 10:33-34

Last time I encouraged us to focus on “the tears of the oppressed”, a big theme of the strange book of Ecclesiastes, perhaps especially of chapter 4. I pointed out that this book doesn’t necessarily give us clear answers to the questions it raises, and that therefore we need to survey the Bible as a whole to fill in the gaps, and especially to reflect on the suffering of Jesus.

Our big problem as we think about our troubled, hurting world is summed up in that nagging question: “Yes, it’s terrible. But what can I do?” Of course we would all like to put the world right, and to eliminate injustice and the suffering that comes of it. But that is simply not within our powers, and we can take some comfort from the fact that God recognises that and doesn’t expect it of us. But knowing that doesn’t make us feel much better. Yes, ultimately God is going to put all things right through the return of Jesus; but what difference does that make to the oppressed today? What can I do now?

I finished last time by confessing that I didn’t have anything very original or startling to say. But I’ll offer it anyway, in the hope that it might make just make an atom of difference to the way we view this question. I have three very obvious verbs to suggest: Notice; pray; act.

1.   Notice.

The writer says “I looked and saw… and saw…”, and then offers his reflections. We might respond, “Well, of course he looked and saw, why bother to state that!” To which the answer is: Because it’s easy to not notice, in effect to turn a blind eye, like the priest and the Levite in Jesus’s wonderful story of the Good Samaritan. The victim of the attack would presumably have died if the Samaritan had, like those two religious dignitaries, also “passed by on the other side”. But he didn’t: he “came where the man was; and when he saw him, he took pity on him. He went to him…” (Luke 10:30-37). So simple; yet so easy to not do.

My legs have become quite feeble in recent years (whether from pure old age or some sort of long covid, or a combination of the two, I don’t know), but walking on holiday last year with my wife I felt myself in real danger of stumbling down a slope, whereupon a woman with our group  approached and asked if we needed help. As it happened I was all right, but I was impressed by her kindness, and asked if she was part of the travel company team. To which she replied: “No, just somebody who notices things…” A busybody? I don’t think so (nor should I even have thought such a thing).

It's part of our responsibility as Christians to notice what’s going on around us, and to respond appropriately. I feel the weight of this particularly every time I’m in our town centre and see the rough-sleepers, their lives wrecked by addictions, foolish and/or sinful life-choices or sheer bad luck, humanly speaking. I see them all right; but do I really notice them? And if I do, is it for more than a momentary glance?

Many Christians, I fear, genuinely care for such people in a hypothetical kind of way, but that’s as far as it goes. We watch the news on television or read it in some newspaper or online medium, and that’s good; but where does it lead? Are we any better than the priest and the Levite? We don’t know what the writer of Ecclesiastes did in consequence of his “looking and seeing”, but at least he noticed; the rest is between him and God. He wasn’t totally focussed on his own concerns. Are we?

2.   Pray

You may be surprised that I’ve put this second rather than first; surely prayer is always our priority! Well, yes and no. Certainly, if we are not people of prayer we are nothing, and to pray without detailed knowledge of the need is better than not to pray at all. But how much better to pray having noticed than to pray in a purely mechanical kind of way.

So the message is… pray in a purposeful and disciplined kind of way, whether from a regularly refreshed list, or in company with another person or group, or from some form of publication sent out by a charity, missionary society or whatever.

Prayer from the heart is never wasted, even when our feelings are not necessarily engaged. We can’t be always emotionally involved, and it’s not healthy (or honest, come to that) to try and artificially work up our emotions. Humble obedience is the key: God knows us through and through, and he lovingly receives what we bring. I heard a preacher say once, talking about the struggle that prayer can be, “All I know is that when I pray for some situation in China, something happens in China!” (He was a Welshman, and got quite excited.) I’ve never forgotten those words.

3.   Act

Every hour of every day brings opportunities to respond in some form or other to the tears of the oppressed – if only we have eyes to see. A word of greeting to a neighbour; a donation, large or small, to help alleviate the suffering of the victims of a crisis; a phone call or other form of greeting to someone in need; involvement in a political protest... the list could be, indeed is, endless. The New Testament tells us to be good, responsible citizens – Romans 13:1-7 is just one passage reflecting that truth – and praying for our troubled world is a most basic part of that.

Given the limitless opportunities available to us to respond to the tears of the oppressed, perhaps it’s best to leave these thoughts there. May God help each of us to see what our particular responses should be. And that can only happen if, like the Old Treatment writer, we look and see…

Father, please give me eyes to notice, a heart to pray, and the love to act in response to the tears of the oppressed. Amen.

The tears of the oppressed

Again I looked and saw all the oppression that was taking place under the sun: I saw the tears of the oppressed – and they have no comforter; power was on the side of their oppressors – and they have no comforter. And I declared that the dead, who had already died, are happier than the living, who are still alive. But better than both is the one who has never been born, who has not seen the evil that is done under the sun. Ecclesiastes 4:1-3

Have you read Ecclesiastes recently?

I wouldn’t blame you if your answer is No, because it’s a strange, distant book that doesn’t exactly hum with joy and positivity, but poses all sorts of thoughts and questions about the ups and down of life without providing clear answers. But it is part of God’s word, and it’s up to us to see what sense we can make of it in the light of scripture as a whole.

I’ve been reflecting recently on chapter 4, and want to start with verses1-3, which are as bleak and negative as any part of the whole book. The Tears of the Oppressed seems an obvious title.

Throughout human history vast numbers of men and women have suffered routinely under the cruel heel of oppression – injustice, war, poverty, persecution – and our daily diet of world news makes clear that nothing much has changed. Very much in the forefront is the plight of Ukraine; but there are many other, and possibly even worse, situations elsewhere.

Twice in verse 1 the writer of Ecclesiastes, seeing “the tears of the oppressed”, repeats the same mournful refrain: “they have no comforter”. How grim is that!

It’s been said that anything in this life is bearable if only we have someone to bear it with us. Well, I wouldn’t know about that, viewing the world as I do from my vantage-point of ease and relative luxury. But I hope of course that it’s true; hope still more that the vast multitudes of the oppressed do indeed have someone to share their suffering with them.

I read this morning in the paper about the large number of unaccompanied children who are seeking asylum in Britain. Unaccompanied children! – the very thought is too appalling to contemplate, especially as I think of my own happy, bouncy  grandchildren. But so, alas, it is. I saw too on the television news last night an elderly bent-over woman standing weeping helplessly in the wreckage of her little home in Ukraine, and could only thank God that somebody seemed to be embracing her. What difference such minimal comfort might make it’s impossible to quantify, but it was good to see.

The writer of Ecclesiastes, having reflected on the wretchedness of the comfortless, goes on to draw two conclusions which may seem rather shocking.

First, it’s better to be dead than alive: “I declared that the dead, who had already died, are happier than the living, who are still alive” (verse 2). There have been times in history when Christians who expressed such a thought would have been regarded as guilty of sin: such ingratitude towards God for the gift of life! Well, we live in kinder, more sympathetic days, and I find it hard to identify with that condemning attitude; God is God, so let him alone be the judge. But I have to admit that I am grateful for the matter-of-fact way that Ecclesiastes 4:2 expresses such a view, right or wrong.

The second conclusion the writer draws - if anything even worse - is that it’s better still never to be born: “better than both is the one who has never been born, who has never seen the evil that is done under the sun” (verse 3). That prompts various dizzy-making thoughts that it’s quite hard to get one’s head round: not least that, of course, if you had never been born, you wouldn’t know that you had never been born, because there wouldn’t be a “you” to do the knowing, would there? Still more, you couldn’t know if the life you might have been born into would have worked out as happy and largely trouble-free. Something else it’s best just to leave to the judgment of God!

But a conversation many years ago with a Christian friend has stuck with me. Her life had been hard, though she was still quite young, and as she reflected on the troubles she had endured, and was indeed still enduring, her conclusion, delivered in the same matter-of-fact manner as Ecclesiastes, was that “Yes, in fact, if I had been given the choice, I think I would have said ‘No thank you’”.

Perhaps I caught her on a bad day, for I knew that there were in fact joys and pleasures in her life as well; but, yet again, that is for God to judge. I personally didn’t feel any inclination to criticise.

Ecclesiastes 4 doesn’t offer anything particularly helpful as it looks sympathetically at the tears of the oppressed (that comes scattered in different parts of the book, especially as we persevere towards the end), so it’s up to us to pose to ourselves the question: How should I respond as I see these things, taking into account the whole span of scripture, and especially of course as I look to Jesus - for who could be said to be oppressed if not him? Such answers as I can suggest are, I’m afraid, terribly obvious and unoriginal, but I’ll offer them for what they’re worth.

But at the moment I’ve run out of space, so please join me again next time…

Father, thank you for the honesty of your word in scripture, even when it sems bleak and hopeless. But may reflecting today on the tears of the oppressed stir up in my heart a deep and Christlike compassion that makes, somehow, a practical difference to those who suffer so cruelly. Amen.

They never knew him...

Salvation is found in no-one else, for there is no other name under heaven given to mankind by which we must be saved. Acts 4:11-12

Enoch walked with God. Genesis 5:21-24

My wife and I have a friend who is absolutely adamant that everyone who was born before the time of Jesus must be eternally lost. Why? Because faith in Jesus is the one condition of salvation, and as they had never heard his name they could not put their faith in him. Simple, logical; so, end of story, nothing to discuss.

Simple, yes. But sorry, there is something to discuss. For one thing, it just seems plain unfair – like a schoolteacher telling a class that he is going to set them an exam on a book they have had no opportunity to read. When they protest, he says “Sorry, but that’s the way it is. Tough!”

Far more serious, the Old Testament makes it very clear that many people in its pages were “saved” (though that word is rarely used), in the sense of having a true relationship with God, even though of course they never knew the name of Jesus.

Last time I wrote about Enoch in Genesis 5. In verses 22 and 24 it is stated that he “walked faithfully with God”, implying that he had a deep faith in God as far as he knew about him, and then, intriguingly that a day came when he “was no more, because God took him away”. A similar thing is written about the prophet Elijah in 2 Kings 2, that he “went up to heaven in a whirlwind” (verse 11). He, of course, reappears on the earth centuries later, flanking Jesus along with Moses on the mountain of transfiguration.

Are we to believe that such people, noted for their relationship with God on earth, and even in some mysterious way taken up into the presence of God instead of passing through death, were then (what word shall I use!) dumped, abandoned by this same God? Not to mention saintly people like poor suffering Hannah (1 Samuel 1-2), or the prophets who suffered for God’s sake, or the many psalmists whose names we may not know but whose deep personal faith in God shines through their prayers and poems? All lost, because they had what might seem the sheer bad luck of being born in the wrong phase of history? Surely a little deeper thought is called for!

I’ve put at the top of this blog the words of Acts 4:12, one of many passages I could have chosen to demonstrate that the first followers of Jesus were convinced that he is indeed the one and only Saviour (“no other name…”!). Even simpler is Acts 16:30-31, where the Philippian jailer - trembling with fear as the prison for which he is responsible literally falls around his ears - cries out to Paul and Silas, “Sirs, what must I do to be saved?”, to receive the wonderful reply, “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved…”

So what are we to do? Let’s sum it up… Yes, Jesus is the only way of salvation; yet we do meet men and women who never heard his name but who obviously had had a precious relationship with God. There really is no wriggling out of that dilemma – if indeed it is a dilemma. There’s so much needing to be said! - I’ll limit myself to just two comments…

First, we need to recognise that God’s revelation of himself is progressive in nature. It comes gradually, in stages, spaced out in history.

That progress is reflected in the Bible, and it reaches its peak in both the story of Jesus – his life, his death, his resurrection and his ascension – and in the accompanying teaching about him in the rest of the New Testament. The Old Testament prepares the way, and if the Old Testament (or part of it) is all that godly people have, God gladly accepts that faith in anticipation of everything that will be fulfilled in Jesus.

Putting it another way, the whole of the Old Testament leads up to Jesus, and the whole of the New leads on from him. The pages of the Old Testament contain many clues and pointers which climax in him (Isaiah 53 is perhaps the supreme example), but his name is never mentioned and his identity is not fully disclosed. So when we read of people who “walked with God” or who showed that they clearly trusted God, we can surely assume that they are saved. And if that is so, they can only be saved through the Christ they never knew.

Second, we should never forget that the gospel is good news. 2 Peter 3:9 tells us that “God is not willing that anyone should perish, but wants everyone to come to repentance”, and that is a statement to which we should give full value.

Yes, of course. But so what? Let me explain what I mean. I said earlier that faith in Jesus is the one condition of salvation. But perhaps “condition” isn’t quite the right word; it makes salvation sound a little like an exam you have to pass, and faith is the key idea you have to prove yourself competent in. But that is wrong. Faith in Jesus isn’t so much a condition that we have to fulfil, but simply the God-given means offered to us whereby we can lay hold of salvation.

Putting it another way… the need for faith is not a threat to be delivered with a frown and a bit of finger-wagging: “If you don’t put your faith in Jesus, you can’t be saved” (so you’d better look out!). No, it is an invitation given with a smile: “You want to be saved? Wonderful! Just put your faith in Jesus!” (There’s a big difference between those two!)

God is a gracious and merciful God; may he help us always to keep that note at the forefront of our belief and our evangelising!

Father God, thank you that from all eternity you had a plan of salvation for the fallen human race, a plan which began with your chosen people Israel and reached its climax in the cross. Thank you for your crucified and risen Son, and for the untold multitude of those who, like me, have found forgiveness and reconciliation through him. Amen.

Get walking!

Enoch walked with God… Genesis 5:24

He has shown you, O mortal, what is good. And what does the Lord require of you? To act justly, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with your God. Micah 6:8

I don’t imagine that I will ever have an epitaph on a gravestone (nor particularly want one!), but if it ever happened, the glowing words spoken of Enoch, “he walked with God”, though far from deserved, would be all I could wish for.

It’s pretty well impossible for us to imagine what life was like for human beings way back before the flood. Generally speaking the feel of Genesis 1-11 is grim – from the glory of creation (Genesis 1-2), to the wretchedness of the fall (Genesis 3), to the account of the first murder, to the corruption of the ideal of marriage and the beginning of the ill-treatment of women (Genesis 4)… No wonder God decided that a radical cleansing, a very deluge, was needed (Genesis 6-11).

I’ve jumped over Genesis 5, which is mainly a dreary, repetitive account of “Adam’s family line” – a parade of men with strange names and startlingly long life-spans. Nothing much to excite us there.

But wait a minute… Tagged onto the end of chapter 4 we read the intriguing information that after the disgrace of Lamech and his two wives “people began to call on the name of the Lord”. Did they indeed! That begs all sorts of questions: How did they know the name of the Lord, given that the great leaders of the coming period, Abraham and Moses, were still far off in the distant future? How exactly did God communicate with them? How did they communicate with him? Did they set aside particular buildings or places as “sacred” places? Did they have people who they instinctively recognised as prophets or teachers? And if so, what exactly did such people teach? – there was no such thing as the “Bible”, remember. Fascinating questions, to which we have no answers.

But never mind, because in the midst of all this murky greyness there suddenly burns a bright light: a man called Enoch, who “walked with God” (5:25). That choice of words is particularly striking: the writer doesn’t say Enoch trusted God or obeyed God, though no doubt both are true; no, he walked with God, implying intimacy, a close personal relationship.

Walking… For many of us it’s largely a leisure pursuit; for them, of course, it was a necessity; how else would you get from A to B? And there would be at least two reasons why people might choose to share their walking with others. They both shed light on why the Bible takes up this image of walking as a metaphor for the godly life.

First, companionship.

In Enoch’s time it would be natural for friends or families to walk together: they would have interests to share and problems to offload. They would also, one hopes, simply enjoy one another’s company.

This clearly reflects our relationship with God, the privilege of being comfortable in his company. Being “religious” or “Christian” is not a matter of performing rituals or carrying out duties, though these have their place, if carried out in glad obedience. In the same way as Enoch enjoyed intimacy with God we too are invited to enter into a warm and loving relationship with him; indeed, if we have no personal relationship with God, our faith, however strong, is nothing.

I can only try to imagine Enoch starting to pray. It was, according to Genesis 5:21-22, “after he became the father of Methusaleh”, that he started to walk with God. I like to think that perhaps it was as Enoch looked in wonder at the face of his baby son that he felt a first powerful impulse to praise and thank God for this gift, and also to cry out for the love and wisdom he would need in order to be a good father.

A simple question arises: Do we, personally, walk with God? An old hymn that began with the words “When we walk with the Lord…” went on to say “Trust and obey, for there’s no other way to be happy in Jesus but to trust and obey”. Not the whole truth, no doubt - the Christian life is certainly not non-stop happiness. But a precious truth nonetheless.

The second reason why people - perhaps even strangers who met in an inn and discovered they were heading the same way – might agree to walk together was safety. “There’s safety in numbers”, the saying goes, and while there’s an element of danger in any form of travel, even to this day, there’s surely nobody more at risk than the solitary walker (witness Jesus’ story of the man who “fell among thieves”).

God not only walks with us, but also gives us other believers who we can walk with. (They’re called, collectively, “the church”.) And they need us as we need them.

Every so often you come across Christians who stand apart from the church, presumably feeling that they simply don’t need it. Well, at best they are ignorant or naïve, at worst arrogant. Who are we to reject a means of blessing that God has provided for us? Do we know better than him? We find some of our companions not particularly pleasant or agreeable? Well, tough! Perhaps God is wanting to teach us how to love them? even to learn some precious lessons from them?

A postscript to the story of Enoch: Genesis doesn’t say “he died”, as it does of all the others in the list. It says that “he was no more, because God took him away”. It seems that, in the Bible, just Enoch and Elijah (2 Kings 2), were spared the pangs of death. Not something that we are encouraged to expect, of course. Yet for us too death is a defeated enemy, so that while we may not be plucked direct from earth to heaven, we can expect to be raised from the sleep of death, when we shall “see Jesus as he is” (1 John 3:2). Are you looking forward to that?

I wonder if we may also meet Enoch?

Father, thank you that Enoch, and all the other Old Testament saints, are my brothers and sisters in Christ. Help me day by day to walk with Jesus in close intimacy and assured safety until that day when I shall see him as he is. Amen.

Of tongues and bones (2)

A gentle tongue can break a bone. Proverbs 25:15

 

Last time I suggested ways in which we might make sense of this saying from Proverbs, which on the face of it is slightly puzzling. Two fairly obvious things came to mind: first, that it encourages us to think about the vast range of ways in which we speak or otherwise communicate with other people - above all, making the point that quiet, reasoned words are preferable to loud harangues or angry confrontations; and second, it can alert us to the massive harm done via on line or even phone conversations when we are unable to see the face of the other person.

The basic message was simple: Christian, keep firm control of your tongue, whatever the circumstances! Take seriously the disturbing words of James 3:1-12! Be careful how you use the internet! 

There were a couple of other things that came to mind, both of them very basic, but worth being reminded of, but which I didn’t have space for. So I return to them today.

First, while “a gentle tongue” should be our default mode when communicating with others, we shouldn’t take it as a hard and fast rule for every situation. There are occasions when we may need to use our tongues very firmly indeed, even perhaps raising our voices. I hesitate to say this, having witnessed the horrible spat between Presidents Trump and Zelensky on television the other night, described by some commentators as a slanging-match; but there were times when even Jesus, whose dignified silence before his tormentors I drew attention to, saw fit to shift into distinctly ferocious mode: Matthew 23:13-38, his verbal onslaught on the scribes and Pharisees of his day, doesn’t exactly show him in “gentle tongue” mode, does it!

Someone might say “Yes, but that was Jesus, we’re just, well, us, and we don’t have the same authority.” Quite right, of course. But as long as we are quietly confident that we are in the right, and that our strong words are justified – as long, indeed, that they are spoken in love and humility – such moments may arise. They may be just what’s needed to make somebody sit up and think. But we had better be right…!

Second, it occurred to me that the general drift of verse 25 – that patient perseverance is more effective than loud voices – has a particular application to prayer: isn’t this, as a general rule, how prayers are answered? Certainly, there are times when particular prayers are answered almost immediately, even dramatically, but they are surely the exception rather than the rule? Sometimes, let’s be honest, we may have almost given up praying for a particular matter (we all know, after all, that God’s answer is sometimes “No”) and are taken by surprise  when it is answered pretty much as we had hoped. But this just makes the occasion all the more joyful.

We have a young friend who, some ten years ago, became quite seriously ill. Though her condition wasn’t lethal, it caused her great pain and seriously affected her life. But just quite recently she felt that after a time of focussed prayer she had been healed. I haven’t the slightest doubt that over those ten years she had been prayed for by both her family and her Christian friends on a regular, indeed daily, basis. I’m sure too that there were days when those who prayed for her had little appetite or enthusiasm for prayer but persevered out of a sense of duty (and love, of course) rather than a red-hot faith. Why healing should have been given precisely when it was rather than several years earlier we cannot know; our business is simply to be thankful on her behalf and to trust that the patient perseverance implied in Proverbs 25:15 has borne fruit.

Do you give up easily when it comes to prayer? Here are the words of Jesus in Matthew 7:7-8: “Ask and it will be given to you; seek and you will find; knock and the door will be opened to you…” The experts tell us that the original Greek might be better translated, “Ask and go on asking and it will be given to you; seek and go on seeking and you will find; knock and go on knocking and the door will be opened to you…” And the words of the Lord’s Prayer – “Give us today our daily bread” – suggest a prayer to be offered on a regular, routine basis.

How good are we at persevering in prayer? Yes, there are times when it can seem repetitive and mechanical. But the effectiveness of our prayers doesn’t depend on the emotion or warmth with which we come to God – it depends on the love and grace of God, who knows and understands our inmost hearts. Christian, don’t give up!

If, like me, you find it helpful to pray from a list, it’s true that a time may come when you feel it right to remove a name or a topic from that list (though if you’re anything like me that can be a very hard thing to do!). But make sure that’s a serious, Spirit-led decision, not just a giving up or a disillusioned case of not bothering. We may never hear the literal sound of a bone cracking, but we will know the joy of seeing wonderful answers to prayer!

Father, I don’t really begin to understand the mystery of prayer or to fathom the power of the tongue. But I pray that whether by direct spoken words or by some more sophisticated means of communication, you will give me grace to achieve only what is good and wholesome, so bringing your joy, hope and peace into the lives of others. Amen.